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sica-fondt/knowledge/cyber-skills/skills/hunting-for-domain-fronting-c2-traffic/SKILL.md
Claude 24f816b6a3
Consolidate 22 sibling repos into layered organism structure 
Place useful parts of the surrounding repos into sica-fondt by layer, per the
body model (Ada = membrane; brain/endocrine/capabilities/knowledge non-Ada):

- brain/        LLM reasoning + providers (dapr, hermes, MoMoA)
- capabilities/ REPRAG sidecars: hermes tools/skills, dapr tools, parallel
                dispatch, A51 channels, and the OSINT cluster
- knowledge/    LORAG corpus: 754 cyber-skills, agency personas, secure-coding,
                MITRE ATT&CK data
- reference/    defensive threat-reference (C3, shhbruh doc) + AdaYaml parser

License handling: AGPL sources (worldosint, advanced_evolution, mercury,
Reticulum) and GPL DeTTECT are SPEC-only clean-room/port descriptions — no
copyleft code copied. MIT/Apache/data parts copied as working trees.

Safety: shhbruh escape/persistence material and C3 covert-C2 kept as reference
only, not wired into the running organism. See CONSOLIDATION.md.

https://claude.ai/code/session_01UehUqEXXJJCsHoA4voCU5c
2026-06-10 06:53:01 +00:00

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name description domain subdomain tags version author license d3fend_techniques nist_csf
hunting-for-domain-fronting-c2-traffic Detect domain fronting C2 traffic by analyzing SNI vs HTTP Host header mismatches in proxy logs and TLS certificate discrepancies using pyOpenSSL for certificate inspection cybersecurity threat-hunting
domain-fronting
c2-detection
tls-inspection
proxy-logs
pyopenssl
threat-hunting
network-security
1.0 mahipal Apache-2.0
Application Protocol Command Analysis
Network Isolation
Network Traffic Analysis
Client-server Payload Profiling
Network Traffic Community Deviation
DE.CM-01
DE.AE-02
DE.AE-07
ID.RA-05

Hunting for Domain Fronting C2 Traffic

Overview

Domain fronting (MITRE ATT&CK T1090.004) is a technique where attackers use different domain names in the TLS SNI field and the HTTP Host header to disguise C2 traffic behind legitimate CDN-hosted domains. This skill detects domain fronting by parsing proxy/web gateway logs for SNI-Host header mismatches, analyzing TLS certificates for CDN provider identification, flagging connections where the SNI points to a high-reputation domain but the Host header targets an attacker-controlled domain, and correlating with known CDN provider IP ranges.

When to Use

  • When investigating security incidents that require hunting for domain fronting c2 traffic
  • When building detection rules or threat hunting queries for this domain
  • When SOC analysts need structured procedures for this analysis type
  • When validating security monitoring coverage for related attack techniques

Prerequisites

  • Web proxy or secure web gateway logs with SNI and Host header fields
  • Python 3.8+ with pyOpenSSL and cryptography libraries
  • TLS inspection enabled on proxy for Host header visibility
  • CDN provider IP range lists (CloudFront, Azure CDN, Cloudflare)

Steps

  1. Parse proxy logs for connections with both SNI and Host header fields
  2. Compare SNI domain against HTTP Host header for mismatches
  3. Extract TLS certificate Subject and SAN fields using pyOpenSSL
  4. Identify CDN-hosted connections via certificate issuer and IP ranges
  5. Flag high-confidence domain fronting where SNI and Host differ on CDN IPs
  6. Score alerts based on domain reputation differential
  7. Generate detection report with network flow context

Expected Output

JSON report containing detected domain fronting indicators with SNI-Host pairs, certificate details, CDN provider identification, confidence scores, and MITRE ATT&CK technique mapping.